(SA 2025) [1]
"Darling, am I looking old? / Tell me dear I must be told ..." [2]
I.
You know you're getting older not just when another birthday looms on the horizon - each candle on the cake essentially another nail in the coffin - but when, following the presentation of a short paper at Kant's Cave [3], a young woman approaches not to discreetly slip you her phone number or ask for your email address, but to inform you of the fact that you remind her of her father.
Still, as a friend said with a smile, at least she didn't say grandmother ...
II.
Many people like to believe that there are advantages to growing older; that experience makes one a little wiser, for example. But this is bullshit: and even if it were true, who wants a smidgen more wisdom when you can't see, can't run, can't breathe, and your hair has fallen out?
The fact is, most great works of philosophy were produced by thinkers in their mid-to-late 30s - Heidegger, for example, was 37 when Sein und Zeit was published - and whilst there are of course exceptions - such as Kant and his three Critiques - we can confidently say that there are very few works of significance written by thinkers over the age of 55 [4].
As I'll be 62 next week - the same age as Wittgenstein when he died - that means I'm now way over the philosophical hill ... Still, at least I'm not buried beneath it.
Notes
[1] The photo was taken on February 3rd 2025 at Kant's Cave (see note 2 below). I'm not sure if I look darkly enlightened, as intended, or simply like an old punk; one person described me as resembling a flamboyant East End gangster - i.e., a Kray brother dressed by Vivienne Westwood.
[2] Lyrics from the X-Ray Spex song 'Age': click here to listen to it on a Peel Session (recorded 6 Nov 1978 and broadcast on the 13th of that month).
[3] Kant's Cave is a monthly meeting organised by Philosophy for All and held in a first floor function room at the the famous Two Chairmen pub, in Wesminster. The paper addressed the question: What is the Dark Enlightenment?
[4] See the post by Eric Schwitzgebel analysing the question of what the average age is when philosophers complete their most influential work: The Splintered Mind (12 May 2010): click here.
55 seems strangely random!
ReplyDeleteThere are of course countless counter-examples of artists, writers, and, yes, even philosophers, who produced great work in the second half of life and/or old(er) age:
1. Philosophers
Plato: Wrote 'The Laws' in his 70s, refining his political thought
Aristotle: Composed 'Metaphysics' and 'Politics' in his 50s
Plotinus: Wrote 'Enneads' in his 50s and 60s
Maimonides: Wrote 'Guide for the Perplexed' in his 50s, renewing Jewish and Islamic philosophy
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Developed his mature philosophy, including 'Monadology', in his 50s and 60s
Hume: Published 'Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion' at 65
Kant: 'Critique of Pure Reason (57), 'Critique of Practical Reason' (66), and 'Critique of Judgment' (68) reshaped Western philosophy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Wrote 'Confessions' and 'Reveries of a Solitary Walker' in later years
Hegel: Published 'Science of Logic' in his 50s and 'Philosophy of Right' in his 60s
Schopenhauer: Only gained recognition in his 50s and refined his philosophy in 'Parerga and Paralipomena' in his 60s
Wittgenstein: Published 'Philosophical Investigations' posthumously in his 50s (overturning his earlier ideas)
Heidegger: Wrote 'Being and Time' in his late 30s but continued to refine his philosophy into his 70s
Hannah Arendt: 'The Human Condition' (52), 'On Revolution' (57), and 'The Life of the Mind' (completed in her 70s) are some of her most significant works
Jean-Paul Sartre: Wrote 'Critique of Dialectical Reason' in his 50s
Simone de Beauvoir: Wrote 'The Second Sex' at 41 but continued to produce feminist works into her 60s and 70s
Foucault: Wrote 'The History of Sexuality' in his 50s, significantly revising his earlier ideas
2. Poets and Writers
ReplyDeleteCervantes: 'Don Quixote' (Part I, 1605; Part II, 1615), written when he was nearly 60
Marina Tsvetaeva: Wrote some of her most powerful exile poetry in her 50s
Samuel Beckett: Wrote 'Krapp’s Last Tape' in his 50s and ‘Happy Days’ in his 60s. Won Nobel Prize at 63
William James: Published 'Pragmatism' at 66
Bergson: Won Nobel Prize at 62
W.B. Yeats: Produced 'The Tower' (1928) and 'Last Poems' (1939) in his 60s and 70s, some of his most intense and reflective work
Robert Frost: Won four Pulitzer Prizes with some of his most famous poems written in his later years
Wallace Stevens: Published 'The Rock' at 75
Toni Morrison: Won Pulitzer Prize for 'Beloved' at 56 and Nobel Prize at 62
Tomas Tranströmer: Suffered stroke at 59, leaving him partially paralysed and unable to speak, but continued writing poetry, as well as inspiring renaissance in Swedish piano composition for the left-hand. Late great work includes 'The Sad Gondola' (1996) and 'The Great Enigma' (2004). Won Nobel Prize for Literature in 2011 at 80, long after many of his best-known works had been written
James Lovelock: Continued refining and expanding his Gaia hypothesis well into old age, publishing 'The Revenge of Gaia' (2006) at 86 and 'Novacene' (2019) at 99, in which he speculated on AI and the future of life on Earth. Remained active as a thinker and writer until his death at 103
Seamus Heaney: Won Nobel Prize at 56, with later collections like 'Human Chain' (2010) highly acclaimed
3. Artists/Musicians
ReplyDeleteMatisse: Created his famous 'cut-outs' in his 70s (after illness limited his mobility)
Monet: Painted 'Water Lilies' series in his late 60s and 70s
Goya: Created 'Black Paintings' in his 70s
Bach: Composed 'The Art of Fugue' and 'Mass in B Minor' in his 60s (some of his most complex works)
Beethoven: Wrote his late string quartets and 'Symphony No. 9 (Ode to Joy)' in his 50s, despite deafness.
Verdi: Composed 'Otello' at 73 and 'Falstaff' at 80 (redefining Italian opera)
Stravinsky: Reinvented himself in his 70s with 'Agon' and his serial compositions
Johnny Cash: Released 'American Recordings' series in his 60s and 70s
Leonard Cohen: Released ‘You Want It Darker’ at 82
Yes, but apart from that . . .
We're also living longer, and, in some cases, I would argue maturing and developing later.
Critical thinking would here put the curse of time and history - the hegemony of developmental psychology - to the sword! All individuals are unique and flower according to their own laws. (Unless you want to think of yourself as a mere statistic, of course . . .)