I.
Although many people object to their mad chatter (and the mess they make), I like the gregarious character of starlings and the way they can walk and run across the ground - limber and saurian, as Ted Hughes writes.
What's more, experts inform us that far from simply making a racket, starlings have a diverse and complex range of vocalisations, which includes snippets of song from other bird species and even sounds picked up from an increasingly urban envirionment, including car alarms and human speech.
Perhaps it was this amazing talent for mimicry that first attracted Mozart to the starling ...
II.
We might never know for certain why Mozart decided to buy a starling. But we do know from his personal records that he purchased one from his local pet shop on 27 May 1784 and that it cost him 34 kreutzer.
We also know that the bird was able to whistle the opening bars of the third movement of the Piano Concerto No. 17 in G major, which Mozart had started composing earlier that year. Indeed, some scholars suggest that this particular section of K. 453 originated with the starling. For when Mozart bought the bird he recorded not only its price in his expenses book, but the 17 note tune it was whistling - a tune almost identical to the one found in the above work.
Of course, it's also possible that Mozart had taught the bird the tune in the pet shop prior to eventually purchasing him - either way, it's nice to imagine an interspecies collaboration of some kind.
III.
Mozart had his starling for three years, before it died in its feathered prime on 4 June 1787.
He buried the much-loved bird in his garden with considerable ceremony and provided an inscribed headstone. Mozart also read out a funeral poem of his own composition which, although humorous, was doubtless a sincere expression of mourning.
Interestingly, there's no such record of his being moved to eulogy by the death of his father only seven days previously. But then, what is the loss of a parent compared to the loss of a pet ...
Note
Although not an advocate of birds being kept in cages, starlings do make excellent pets as they adapt well to captivity and thrive on a straightforward diet of seed, fruit, and mealworms. Their intelligence makes them easy to train and, being extremely social in nature, means you can keep several birds in the same cage should you wish to do so. On the downside, starlings - like other birds - indiscriminately defecate, attract numerous parasites and transmit certain diseases to humans, so probably best just to watch them in the garden.
See:
Ted Hughes, 'Starlings Have Come', in The Collected Poems, ed. Paul Keegan, (Faber and Faber, 2003).
Lyanda Lynn Haupt, Mozart's Starling, (Corsair, 2017).
This post is for Maria Thanassa (who suggested it).
